From April 13 to 26, spinal and neurosurgeons from Nepal, Mexico, Uzbekistan, and Nigeria gathered at ZJU4H for the "Belt and Road" International Training Programme on Spinal Endoscopy – a project officially endorsed by China's Ministry of Science and Technology.

Over two intensive weeks, they focused on mastering the BESS/UBE (unilateral biportal endoscopy) technique – a leading minimally invasive approach for treating spinal stenosis, disc herniation, and other degenerative conditions. Compared to open surgery, it offers smaller incisions, less bleeding, lower nerve risk, faster recovery, and shorter hospital stays.

ZJU4H's Spinal Minimally Invasive Centre is the only clinical training centre for this technique in Zhejiang Province and has been designated as an "International UBE Association Clinical Training Centre." The programme combined theoretical lectures, hands‑on simulation, live surgery observation, and case discussions – ensuring that participants could truly learn and apply the skills.

A highlight was the live demonstration of a complex thoracic stenosis surgery – performed through two tiny incisions with endoscopic precision. The visiting surgeons were deeply impressed by the clarity, safety, and effectiveness of the procedures.

What the trainees said:

• Dr. Bishnu Babu Thapa (Nepal): "I watched Dr. Hu's surgery last year in Nepal – that's why I came. The complex case I saw today was a first for me, but now I feel confident to start performing these surgeries back home."

• Dr. Carlos Mauricio Luna Cano (Mexico): "It took 26 hours to fly here, but it was absolutely worth it. We have UBE in Mexico, but the concepts and details here are on another level."

• Dr. Muhammad Yusuf (Uzbekistan): "We observed so many excellent surgeries. I will apply these techniques immediately after returning home."

China has evolved from a learner to a technology exporter in spinal minimally invasive surgery. Dr. Hu Qingfeng, head of the centre, said: "We are proud to share safe, mature Chinese solutions with Belt and Road countries, improving patient care worldwide."

Since the programme launched in April 2025, ZJU4H has welcomed trainees from Egypt, Nepal, Colombia, and other nations – this is the fourth cohort. ZJU4H remains committed to building international exchange platforms and contributing Chinese expertise to global health.